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Looking Back at an Underground Gig of the 40s and 50s
By Mohsen Namjoo
info@tehranavenue.com
December 2006
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The old Black & White images tickle the visual fancy. The 40s and 50s is associated with such names as {Hitchcock}, {John Ford}, {Orson Wells} -- stalwarts of the world of images and art. But these images are uncanny and more direct. It is not Hollywood, but Nashville, Seattle, or Chicago. The audience is handful. Those coming on stage are almost as many as those who have come to listen them play. They have gathered in a small pub, cheering each other, waiting for their turn to take the stage.

The totality of these images pulls me out of this city, Tehran, and hurls me onto another time and space. What is it about this underground jazz conflux that connects me, an Iranian, to them, black Americans?

When you see the B&W of {John Ford}'s How Green Was My Valley, or Wells' Citizen Cane, images of {Harry Truman}'s inauguration, or the mushroom of post-Hiroshima explosion, you are invited to a feast of memory, an official gala through the tube, in the privacy of your own house, and you look intently, to find the reason for their being considered classic, great, horrific.

But images of this jazz session are different. After several decades, ocean-full of colorful clips, technological props, modern curios of recording and the ballyhoo of showbiz, with this black and white we are invited to a private gig, in the small space of a bar, three decades late. You can see a small, round stage for at most three musicians, and a microphone with a triangular cross-section (of the kind that appeared in The Big Dictator of {Chaplin}). I want to stress that what those images suggest are beyond nostalgia.

{Sonny Boy Williamson} comes on stage with his briefcase and umbrella, as if he was a civil servant coming from work. He places them in a corner and finds his place before the microphone. With characteristic grace of virtuosos he takes out the harmonica from his pocket and plays it as he sings. A small band accompanies him. “Blow Wind Blow.”

{Jack Johnson}, {John Lee Hooker} and many others also come on that stage, but more important that the rest is Master {Muddy Waters}, a living memory of all the songs of the first half of the 20th century. He is a man who, years before {Eric Clapton}, understood the deep effects of heroin. He reminds me of our own {Dariush Rafi'i}, a singer bearing the same sort of grace in the 40s and 50s Iran. He didn't live beyond 35. Muddy sings, “Got My Mojo Working.” Mojo is of course vernacular for heroin in the US and it is the substance master Muddy Waters was addicted to and whose effects can be felt in his demeanor.

I will touch upon some of the feature of the music played in this underground performance to offer a frame of comparison between this and the loud music of today. It is obvious that I will focus only on rock and its predecessors, blues and jazz.

1/ Percussion -- sticks meet the drum with ease, over the shell, offering a beautiful 2/4 arrangement. These days, drums have come to mean the violent beating of sticks on all the drums and snares. It is the aesthetics of music that has changed, and there is no room to be critical, but there is no escaping nostalgia when you hear the drum playing in this gig.

2/ Guitar playing -- the technique used here is, I think, characteristic of the guitar playing of that era, and it is comprised of a three beat shuffle over a 2/4 or 4/4 arrangement. It is interesting that the hands that are playing are fixed on the neck and it is only the fingers that do their magic tap dance. The same dance can be seen in the fingers of {Joe Satriani}, the current-day guitarist. There is difference here, however, which is due to the fixed position of hands. It is a seemingly insignificant difference, but it makes all the difference. It must be the way of life of these musicians. Satriani had the means to purchase his favorite instrument when he was young. He had two things that his predecessors didn't have: time and money. Next to his talent, these instruments produced a heavily technical sound. This was to be expected.

Now compare Satriani's way of life with that of one of the masters attending the said gig. The tanned faces of these masters, their historic wrinkles, their deep and bitter laughter, and years of deprivation gives it all away. Such a musician is usually also the singer. Their musical ingenuity is not something separate from them. Music is not an embellishment, not a façade. Such concepts as "technique" and "virtuosity" ("look how great I am") have no meaning -- they are not given room to play. To these musicians, music is not any different than other simple skills of life: tying shoelaces, knitting sweaters, making drinks or food, and many other activities that are life. Playing an instrument is also a skill. It is a way to make money, not a "cultural" activity. Essentially, music to people like Muddy Waters and John Lee Hooker is not the stuff of "culture," it is not elegant or ornamental, but is the stuff of life -- the life of a black person in a white world, with all the bigotry and privations they faced and face. Like life, this music is simple.

3/ A couple of more musical observations: Clarity: The fingers of black musicians of the 40s and 50s produce a clearer sound in comparison to guitar players of today. A reason may be the tonality and sonority of the guitars of the era. The sound of fuzz -- characteristics of hard rock -- was not recognized, nor was it used. The clarity of sound can still be found among virtuosos like {Mark Knopfler}, Eric Clapton, or {Carlos Santana}. But most bands today are infatuated with sounds that distort the distinctness of notes, which of course has its own reasons.

Besides tonality and sonority, a more important reason for the clarity of sound is the minimalist disposition of the musicians of that era as they perform their own or an age-old melody. This simplicity has roots in the aforementioned approach that regards music as a life skill rather than a cultural activity. It is the byproduct of a simple and unalloyed lifestyle in the small and meager space of an underclass bar. It doesn't try to show off. It is the art of a small and cozy bar and not that of a concert hall.

The last thing that comes to mind is the free repetition of a word, motif, or a line of poetry. It is not a problem if the rhythm drops, if melodic singing turns into a declamation, even a form of communication, an ordinary dialogue with the listener in the bar. Decades have passed, and the only thing that the music of 40s and 90s share is the instrument. The guitar is the same and the scale of blues is the same. But the spirit of music has changed. There is a world of difference between the approach of Sonny Boy Williamson and, say, RADIO HEAD.



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